Understanding The Basics Of Sciatica

Sciatica refers to the inflammation of the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve is the largest peripheral nerve in the body. It is responsible for supplying information about any kind of movement to the legs and any kind of sensations to the brain.

Though the problem of sciatica can affect anyone, it is extremely uncommon in young people. It is generally people who fall in the age bracket of 30-50 years who deal with the problem.

Causes
One of the primary causes of sciatica is a herniated disc. Here in, the cushion that lies between two vertebra of the spine is ruptured. As a result, the disc is pushed out of the vertebral column. The disc takes up areas that are otherwise occupied by the nerves. As a result, the nerves that fall in the adjoining area, including the sciatic nerve are compressed.

Apart from herniated disc, some other causes that could be responsible for the problem include spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, and piriformis syndrome. Sudden exertion of the back or some kind of a back injury may also be responsible for sciatica.

Symptoms
Some of the common symptoms of sciatica include:

* Feeling of cramping in the thighs
* Needle sensations in the thighs and legs
* Burning sensation in the legs
* Pain in the hips and legs

Diagnosis
Diagnosing sciatica can be a little tricky. The reason for the same is that sciatica is primarily accompanied by pain in the legs. Since, there can be several other causes for the pain, diagnosing the problem can be a little tricky.

Several tests may be conducted to diagnose the presence of sciatica. Tests like X-rays or an MRI may be helpful in diagnosing the problem.

Treatment
Here are some of the treatment options that may be used for sciatica.

* Rest - If the problem is at a very initial stage, rest alone can prove to be a solution. Avoiding physical activity and taking proper rest could be a cure.
* Ice therapy - Applying ice on the affected area can numb the pain and provide relief.
* Anti inflammatory medications - This category of medications helps reduce the inflammation and in turn eases the pain too. Motrin and Celebrex are popularly used medicines to treat sciatica.
* Steroids - They are used for patients who require strong doses of anti inflammatory medicines. Though these medicines have significant side effects, they can be of great aid in treating the problem.
* Physical therapy - Exercises and physical therapy can be of great aid in treating sciatica. However, physical therapy needs to be used only once the pain subsides.
* Surgical treatment - If none of the above mentioned treatments provides results, then a surgical treatment may be required.